Period Styles

A decorator, to be fully equipped, should study ornament as applied to architecture in different periods and countries, for, as we have already pointed out, art, and especially decorative art, is a thing of slow growth, whose beginning goes far back into the dim past.
While every era and clime has a characteristic stamp of its own, succeeding ages have been influenced by the past, and thus the canons of decorative art have been established.
Not only so, but we have inherited from the past and many countries numerous forms, such as the rosette, anthernion, fleur-de-lis, cross, swastika (or cramponed cross), meanders and borders, which have become common property, and appear, more or less modified, in most modern styles.
So that, not only to be able to understand our own styles, but in order to be able to design with freedom and success we must be acquainted with the archaeology of the subject.
At the outset it will be seen that the decorative styles of any given period cannot be studied intelligently without possessing some knowledge of the architecture that it served to ornament.
A decorator must, therefore, possess a knowledge of architecture in order to understand his own branch thoroughly.
Moreover, he is sometimes called upon, in carrying out his work, to represent pictorially many of the structural features of a period.
To instance a few of these cases, we may mention the painting in monochrome or in poychrome of friezes, architraves, pilasters, arcading, colonnading, etc.
To be able to do this we must know the forms, proportions, materials, and possibly also the colouring.
The account of each style is prefaced with a few brief notes on the architecture of the respective periods.